Indlela Yokwenza Isiko Lokutshala Izicubu Ekhaya?

Isingeniso

Usikompilo lwezicubu zezitshalo luyindlela ebalulekile emkhakheni we-biotechnology yezitshalo yesimanje, okuvumela ukuphindaphindeka ngokushesha kwezitshalo endaweni elawulwayo. Kubandakanya isiko le-aseptic lamaseli ezitshalo, izicubu, noma izitho zemithombo yezomsoco ukuze kukhiqizwe izitshalo ezifanayo ngokwemvelo, ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-clones. Ngokwesiko, isiko lezicubu zezitshalo zenziwa kuma-laboratories nasezikhungweni zocwaningo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nokutholakala kwemishini eyisisekelo, manje kungenzeka ukwenza isiko lezicubu zezitshalo ekhaya. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola inqubo yesiko lezicubu zezitshalo, izinto zokusebenza nezinto ezidingekayo, futhi sinikeze imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sendlela yokwenza isiko lezicubu zezitshalo ekhaya.

Ukuqonda Plant Tissue Culture

Isiko lezicubu zezitshalo libandakanya ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo kusuka ezingxenyeni ezincane zezicubu zezitshalo, njengethiphu lehlumela noma iqabunga, ngaphansi kwezimo eziyinyumba. Inqubo incike ekhonweni lemvelo lamaseli esitshalo ukuthi aphinde akhule abe izitshalo eziphelele. Ngokusebenzisa izimo zesiko, abacwaningi bangalawula ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwezicubu zesitshalo.

Izinzuzo Zesiko Lezicubu Zezitshalo

Isiko lezicubu zezitshalo linikeza izinzuzo eziningana kunezindlela zendabuko zokusabalalisa izitshalo. Enye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu yikhono lokukhiqiza inani elikhulu lezitshalo ezifanayo kusukela kumanani amancane okuqala. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni zezitshalo ezingavamile nezibalulekile okunzima ukuzisakaza ngezindlela ezivamile.

Enye inzuzo yikhono lokukhiqiza izitshalo ezingenazo izifo. Phakathi nenqubo yesiko lezicubu, isitshalo sivalwa inzalo ngokuphelele, siqeda noma yiziphi izifo ezingaba khona noma ukungcola. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo ezitholakalayo azinazo izifo noma izifo, okuzenza zibe nempilo futhi ziqine.

Ukwengeza, isiko lezicubu zezitshalo livumela ukongiwa nokulondolozwa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezisengozini. Ngokugcina izicubu zezitshalo ku-vitro, izakhi zazo zofuzo zingagcinwa ukuze zisetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo, ngisho noma lezi zinhlobo ziba sengozini enkulu noma zishabalala endle.

Ukumisa Ilebhu Yezithombo Zezicubu Zezitshalo Ekhaya

Ngaphambi kokuqala isiko lezicubu zezitshalo ekhaya, kubalulekile ukumisa indawo yokusebenza ezinikele noma ilebhu. Le ndawo kufanele ihlanzeke, ingene umoya kahle, futhi ingabi nazinto ezingaba ukungcola. Imishini elandelayo nezinto zokwakha zibalulekile ekusetheni isiko lezicubu zezitshalo eziyisisekelo:

1. I-Laminar Flow Hood: I-laminar flow hood inikeza indawo yokusebenza eyinyumba ngokuqinisekisa ukugeleza okuqhubekayo komoya ohlungiwe phezu kwendawo yokusebenza. Kuyasiza ukuvimbela ukungcola phakathi nenqubo yesiko lezicubu.

2. I-Autoclave: I-autoclave isetshenziselwa ukuvala amagciwane emidiya yezamasiko, i-glassware, nezinye izinto zokusebenza ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Ifinyelela lokhu ngokuzifaka kumusi ogcwele ingcindezi ephezulu, obulala wonke ama-microorganisms.

3. Amakamelo Okukhula: Amakamelo okukhula ahlinzeka ngezimo zemvelo ezilawulwayo, ezihlanganisa izinga lokushisa, umswakama, nokukhanya. Zibalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezicubu zezitshalo ezikhulisiwe.

4. Izitsha Zesiko: Izitsha zePetri, amashubhu okuhlola, namaflask amasiko asetshenziswa njengeziqukathi zokukhula kwezicubu zezitshalo. Kufanele zenziwe ngengilazi noma ngepulasitiki futhi zifakwe inzalo ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.

5. Amathuluzi Okuhlukanisa: Ama-scalpels, ama-forceps, nezikele zisetshenziselwa ukukhishwa kwe-aseptic kanye nokukhwabanisa kwezicubu zezitshalo.

6. Imidiya Yamakhemikhali Nezamasiko: Amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, njenge-agar, izilawuli zokukhula kwezitshalo, kanye nezakhamzimba, kuyadingeka ukuze kulungiswe imithombo yezindaba yamasiko. Lezi zingathengwa kubahlinzeki abakhethekile.

7. Izimpahla Zezitshalo: Isitshalo sokuqala singatholakala esitshalweni esinempilo nesingenazifo. Amathiphu okudubula noma amaqabunga amancane avame ukusetshenziswa njenge-explants.

Uma izinto ezidingekayo kanye nezinto ezidingekayo sezihlanganisiwe, ungaqhubeka nenqubo yesiko lezicubu zezitshalo.

I-Plant Tissue Culture Process

1. Ukuvala inzalo: Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinto ezisetshenziswayo nezinto ezisetshenziswayo kuvalwa inzalo ngendlela efanele ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo yokwenziwa kwezicubu. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokuwafaka ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ngokusebenzisa ama-ejenti abulala amagciwane.

2. Ukulungiselela Isitshalo: Impahla yesitshalo ekhethiwe, njengethiphu lehlumela noma iqabunga, ikhishwa ngokucophelela esitshalweni esinikela ngaphansi kwezimo eziyinyumba. Ukutshala kufanele kukhethwe ngokusekelwe kumphumela oyifunayo, njengokwanda kwamahlumela noma ukwakheka kwezimpande.

3. Ukusungulwa: Isimila sibe sesibekwa endaweni eyinzalo yesiko, equkethe zonke izakhamzimba ezidingekayo kanye nezilawuli zokukhula kwezitshalo ekukhuleni kwaso. I-culture medium ngokuvamile iqiniswa nge-agar ukuze inikeze indawo eqinile ukuze i-explant iphumule.

4. I-Incubation: Imikhumbi ye-culture equkethe i-explants ibekwe ekamelweni lokukhula ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezilawulwayo. Izinga lokushisa, amandla okukhanya, kanye ne-photoperiod kufanele kusethwe ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zezitshalo ezikhuliswayo.

5. Ukuphindaphinda: Ngemva kwesikhathi sokufukamela, isimila sizoqala ukwanda futhi senze amahlumela noma izimpande eziningi. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokushintsha ama-explants asathuthuka njalo kuma-fresh culture media.

6. Ukugxilisa izimpande: Uma inani elanele lamahlumela selikhiqiziwe, lingadluliselwa endaweni yokuhluma ukuze kukhuthazwe ukukhula kwezimpande. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngokususa amahlumela emkhunjini wamasiko bese uwabeka endaweni ene-hormone ecebile.

7. Ukujwayela: Uma izitshalo sezimila izimpande, zingasuswa endaweni yamasiko angenalutho futhi kancane kancane zijwayelane nezimo ezivamile zokukhula. Lokhu kuhilela ukudlulisela izitshalo ezimbizeni eziqukethe ingxube efanelekile yokugawula.

Isiphetho

Isiko lezicubu zezitshalo ekhaya linikeza abathanda izitshalo ithuba elijabulisayo lokusabalalisa izinhlobo zezitshalo abazithandayo ngendlela elawulwayo nephumelelayo. Ngemishini efanele, izinto zokwakha, kanye namasu, noma ubani angaqala uhambo lwesiko lezicubu zezitshalo. Ngokulandela inqubo yesinyathelo nesinyathelo evezwe kulesi sihloko, ungenza ngempumelelo isiko lezicubu zezitshalo futhi ujabulele imivuzo yokukhiqiza izitshalo ezifanayo ngokofuzo ezinezici ezihlukile. Ngakho-ke, kungani ungazami futhi uvule izimangaliso zesiko lezicubu zezitshalo kusuka ekunethezekeni kwekhaya lakho?