Ubuciko Bokulima: Ukuba Yingcweti Ekukhuleni Kwezicubu Zezicubu I-Philodendron

I-Philodendron, enamaqabunga ayo aluhlaza kanye nemivini emihle elandelanayo, sekuyisikhathi eside iyinketho ethandwayo phakathi kwabathandi bezitshalo. Kodwa-ke, ukutshala i-Philodendron ngokusebenzisa izindlela zendabuko kungaba inqubo edla isikhathi futhi eyinselele. Ngenhlanhla, isiko lezicubu liye lavela njengendlela yokuguqula evumela ukusakazeka okusheshayo nangempumelelo kwe-Philodendron. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ubuciko bokulima futhi sihlole ubunkimbinkimbi bokufunda ukukhula kwesiko lezicubu ze-Philodendron.

Ukuqonda Isiko Lwezicubu

Isiko lezicubu, elaziwa nangokuthi yi-micropropagation, libandakanya ukukhula kwamaseli ezitshalo noma izicubu endaweni yelabhorethri eyinyumba. Inikeza izinzuzo eziningi kunezindlela zendabuko zokusakaza, njengokuhluma kwembewu noma ukusakazeka kwezitshalo. Ngokusebenzisa amasu amasiko ezicubu, kuba nokwenzeka ukukhiqiza inani elikhulu lezitshalo ze-Philodendron ezinokwakheka kofuzo okufanayo, okuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwezimpawu ezifiselekayo.

Inqubo yesiko lezicubu iqala ngokukhetha isimila esifanele, ngokuvamile ingxenye encane yeqabunga noma izicubu zesiqu, esitshalweni sikamama esinempilo. Lesi sitshalo sibe sesivalwa inzalo ukuze sisuse noma yikuphi ukungcola futhi sibekwe endaweni equkethe izakhamzimba. I-medium inikeza izakhi ezibalulekile, ama-hormone okukhula, ne-agar, okuyiqinisayo, okwenza ukufana okufana nejeli okusekela amangqamuzana ezitshalo ezikhulayo.

I-Art of Initiation

Ukuhlakulela isiko lezicubu I-Philodendron iqala ngesigaba sokuqala. Ngalesi sigaba, isitshalo esibulala inzalo sibekwe ngokucophelela endaweni yesiko ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela amasha. Ukukhetha indlela yesiko kanye nokugxilwa kwabalawuli bokukhula kudlala indima ebalulekile empumelelweni yokuthwasa.

Indlela esetshenziswa kakhulu esigabeni sokuqala i-Murashige ne-Skoog (MS) medium. Lesi sikhungo siqukethe inhlanganisela elinganiselayo yama-macronutrients, ama-micronutrients, amavithamini, nezilawuli zokukhula kwezitshalo ezifana nama-auxin nama-cytokinins. Ukuba khona kwama-auxins kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande, kuyilapho ama-cytokinins ekhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamahlumela.

Kubalulekile ukugcina izimo ezikahle zemvelo ngesikhathi sokuthwasa, okuhlanganisa izinga lokushisa, umswakama, namandla okukhanya. Indawo elawulwayo enebanga lokushisa elingu-22-25°C kanye nezinga lomswakamo elingama-70-80% ngokuvamile lilungele isiko lezicubu ze-Philodendron. Ukukhanya okwanele, okungokwemvelo noma okokwenziwa, kubalulekile futhi ku-photosynthesis kanye nokukhula kwezitshalo kukonke.

Umdanso Wokuphindaphinda

Uma amahlumela esethuthukile phakathi nesigaba sokuqala, isigaba sokuphindaphinda siyaqala. Lesi sigaba sibandakanya ukuhlukaniswa kwamahlumela akhulayo abe yizimila ezincane eziningi, okwandisa kakhulu inani lezitshalo ze-Philodendron ezikhiqizwayo.

Ukuze kuqalwe ukuphindaphindeka, amahlumela adluliselwa endaweni entsha yesiko ekhuthaza ukwanda kwamaseli. Isisetshenziswa esivame ukusetshenziswa kulesi sigaba i-MS medium ehlanganiswe nama-cytokinins afana ne-benzylaminopurine (BAP) noma i-kinetin. Lezi zilawuli zokukhula zidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukuphindaphindeka kwamahlumela.

Isigaba sokuphindaphinda sidinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela kanye ne-sub-culture ngezikhathi ezithile ukuvimbela ukuminyana nokugcina izimo zokukhula ezifanele. Amahlumela ahlukaniswa ngezikhathi ezithile futhi adluliselwe endaweni entsha ukuze akhuthaze ukwanda okwengeziwe. I-sub-culturing evamile ayivimbeli nje ukuncintisana ngemisoco kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo ezinempilo nezinamandla.

Umkhuba Wezimpande

Ngemva kokuphindaphinda ngempumelelo, izitshalo ezisanda kuthuthukiswa zidlulela esigabeni sokuhluma. Inqubo ye-rooting ibalulekile njengoba inquma ukusinda nokusungulwa kwesiko lezicubu ze-Philodendron uma sezidluliselwe emhlabathini noma kunoma iyiphi enye indawo ekhulayo.

Ukuze kuqalwe ukukhula kwezimpande, ama-plantlets adluliselwa endaweni yokufaka izimpande. I-rooting medium ngokuvamile yakhiwa inhlanganisela ye-MS medium ehambisana ne-auxin, njenge-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Ama-Auxins akhuthaza ukwakheka kanye nokwelulwa kwezimpande, okuvumela izitshalo ukuthi zakhe uhlelo lwezimpande oluqinile.

Phakathi nesigaba se-rooting, kubalulekile ukunikeza umswakama owanele ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi ngokweqile ngokusebenzisa ukuphefumula. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokumboza ama-plantlets ngesivalo esisobala noma ukuwabeka endaweni evalekile njengendawo yomswakama. Ukwengeza, ukugcina izinga lokushisa elingama-25-28 ° C kuqinisekisa ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwezimpande.

Ukushintshela Emhlabathini

Lapho izitshalo ze-Philodendron sezinezimpande, zingajwayela ngokucophelela indawo esekwe emhlabathini. Le nqubo, eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-acclimatization phase, ibalulekile ukuze izitshalo zivumelane nezimo ezizohlangabezana nazo ekukhuleni kwazo esikhathini esizayo.

Ngaphambi kokudlulisela izitshalo enhlabathini, kubalulekile ukuzidalula kancane kancane emazingeni aphansi omswakama kanye nokwanda kokunyakaza komoya. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokunciphisa kancane kancane umswakama ngaphakathi kwendawo ekhulayo futhi wethule umoya ohelezayo noma ifeni.

Lapho izitshalo sezijwayelane nezimo ezintsha, zingadluliselwa ezimbizeni noma ezitsheni ezigcwele ingxube yokubhoda edonsa kahle. Kubalulekile ukukhetha ingxube efanelekile yokubumba enikeza umoya owanele kanye nokukhipha amanzi ezitshalweni zePhilodendron. Ukunisela njalo nokuqapha izimo zemvelo, njengokukhanya nezinga lokushisa, kuzoqinisekisa ukujwayela okuphumelelayo nokukhula okuqhubekayo.

Isifinyezo

Ukuqonda ukukhula kwesiko lezicubu i-Philodendron kudinga indlela ecophelelayo nehlelekile. Kusukela esigabeni sokuqalwa kuya ekujwayelekeni, isinyathelo ngasinye kule nqubo sidlala indima ebalulekile ekutshalweni ngempumelelo kwalezi zitshalo ezinhle. Ngokusebenzisa amandla esiko lezicubu, abathanda izitshalo bangasakaza i-Philodendron ngezinga elikhulu kuyilapho belondoloza izici nezici ezifiselekayo. Noma ngabe ungumthandi wezitshalo osemnkantshubomvu noma usaqala, ukutshalwa kwesiko lezicubu kuvulela abantu abathanda i-Philodendron amathuba amaningi, okuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwalezi zitshalo ezimangalisayo ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.