I-Science Behind Tissue Culture Philodendron: Izithembiso kanye Namathuba

Isingeniso:

Izwe le-horticulture liyaqhubeka nokuvela, ngamasu amasha nezinto ezintsha ezitholakalayo futhi zamukelwa. Enye yezinto ezintsha ezinjalo isiko lezicubu, indlela yoguquko eye yaguqula imboni yezitshalo. Kulesi sihloko, sihlola isayensi yesiko lezicubu kanye nokusebenza kwayo kwesinye sezitshalo zasendlini ezidume kakhulu, i-philodendron. Ngokuhlolisisa izithembiso namathuba e-tissue culture philodendron, sembula amandla amangalisayo le nqubo enawo abathandi bezitshalo nabatshali bezentengiselwano ngokufanayo.

Izisekelo ZeSiko Lwezicubu

I-tissue culture, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-micropropagation, iyindlela yaselabhorethri esetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa izitshalo kusuka ocezwini oluncane lwethishu, njengethiphu lehlumela noma iqabunga, ngaphansi kwezimo ezingenalutho. Kubandakanya ukukhuliswa kwezicubu endaweni yokwenziwa enomsoco, ehambisana nezilawuli zokukhula kwezitshalo njengamahomoni, ezimeni ezilawulwayo zemvelo. Ngale nqubo, ukutshala okukodwa kungaveza izithombo eziningi, zonke zifana nesitshalo esingumzali.

Isiko lezicubu linikeza izinzuzo eziningi kunezindlela zendabuko zokusakaza. Okokuqala, ivumela ukukhiqizwa okusheshayo kwezitshalo eziningi ngesikhathi esifushane. Okwesibili, iqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo ezingenazifo nezingenazinambuzane, njengoba isiko liqalwa ngokukhethwa ngokucophelela, okunempilo kwezitshalo. Ukwengeza, isiko lezicubu lingagcina izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingavamile noma ezisengozini ngokunikeza indlela yokusabalalisa ngaphandle kokunciphisa inani labantu bemvelo.

Inqubo ye-Tissue Culture

Inqubo yesiko lezicubu inezigaba eziningana ezihlukene, ngasinye sidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni ngempumelelo izitshalo. Lezi zigaba zihlanganisa ukuqaliswa, ukuphindaphinda, ukuqothula, kanye nokujwayela.

Ukuqaliswa:

Esigabeni sokuqalwa, ucezu oluncane lwezicubu zesitshalo, olwaziwa ngokuthi i-explant, luyakhethwa ngokucophelela futhi luvalwe amagciwane ukuze kukhishwe noma yikuphi ukungcola okungaphezulu. Ukufakelwa bese kufakwa endaweni yejeli ye-agar enezakhi, engezwe nezilawuli zokukhula, esitsheni esingenalutho. Lapha, kwenzeka inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-callus formation, lapho amaseli angahlukanisiwe aphindaphindeka ukuze akhe inqwaba yamaseli.

Ukuphindaphinda:

Uma i-callus seyakhiwe, idluliselwa endaweni entsha, futhi iqukethe izilawuli zokukhula. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukukhula nokuhlukaniswa kwamahlumela noma ama-buds kusuka ku-callus mass. Lawa amahlumela abe esehlukaniswa futhi atshalwe ngendlela ukuze aqhubekisele phambili ukuphindaphindeka, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezitshalo eziningi. Lesi sigaba sokuphindaphindeka sivumela ukusabalala ngokushesha kwezitshalo eziningi kusuka esitshalweni esisodwa.

Izimpande:

Ngemuva kokuzuza ukuphindaphindeka kwehlumela okuyimpumelelo, ama-plantlets adluliselwa endaweni yokuhluma, okukhuthaza ukwakheka kwezimpande. Ama-Auxin, ikilasi lamahomoni ezitshalo, avame ukusetshenziswa kulesi sigaba ukuze akhuthaze ukukhula kwezimpande. Uma izimpande sezakhiwe futhi sezikhule ngokwanele, izitshalo zingadluliselwa endaweni efanele yokukhula.

Ukujwayela:

Isigaba sokugcina sesiko lezicubu sibandakanya ukujwayelanisa ama-plantlets endaweni yangaphandle. Phakathi nalesi sigaba, izitsha zezitshalo kancane kancane zichayeka ezimweni ezivamile zomkhathi, zisuka endaweni elawulwayo, eyinyumba yaselabhorethri ziye emhlabeni wangempela. Izinga lokushisa elifanele, umswakama, namazinga okukhanya kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusinda nokusungulwa ngempumelelo kwezitshalo ezifuywa ngezicubu.

Isithembiso se-Tissue Culture Philodendron

Ama-Philodendron aziswa kakhulu ngamahlamvu awo akhangayo kanye nokunakekelwa kalula, okuwenza abe ukukhetha okudumile kokubili izingadi zasendlini nangaphandle. Isiko lezicubu livule amathuba amasha kubathandi be-philodendron, linikeza izinzuzo ezingenakuqhathaniswa nezindlela zendabuko zokusakaza.

Ukuvumelana Nokufana:

Ama-Philodendron akhiqizwa ngesiko lezicubu abonisa ukufana okungenakuqhathaniswa ngokubukeka nokukhula. Isitshalo ngasinye sifana ncamashi nesitshalo esingumzali, siqinisekisa ukufana kokwakheka kwamaqabunga, umbala, kanye nomkhuba wokukhula. Leli zinga lokufana likhanga ikakhulukazi kubaqoqi kanye nabadwebi bezwe abafisa ukuhlangana kobuhle ezinhlelweni zabo zezitshalo.

Izitshalo Ezingenazifo:

Isiko lezicubu lifakazele ukuthi liyindlela ephumelelayo yokukhiqiza ama-philodendron angenazifo. Ngokuqala inqubo kusuka ezintweni zezitshalo ezingenazo izifo kanye nokwenza isiko lonke ngaphansi kwezimo eziyinyumba, ingozi yokudlulisela izifo, njengezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma isikhunta, iyancipha kakhulu. Lokhu akuzuzisi nje kuphela abathanda izitshalo ngabanye kodwa futhi nabalimi bezentengiselwano abathembele ezitshalweni ezinempilo emabhizinisini abo.

Ukukhiqiza Okusheshayo Nephumelelayo:

Isiko lezicubu livumela ukuphindaphindeka okusheshayo kwama-philodendron, ukunciphisa isikhathi esidingekayo ukusabalalisa amanani amakhulu. Lokhu kusheshisa kungaba nenzuzo ikakhulukazi kuzilungiselelo zezentengiso lapho isidingo ngokuvamile sidlula ukunikezwa. Abalimi manje sebengakwazi ukukhiqiza izinsalela zezitshalo ngokuyimpumelelo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemakethe, kuncishiswe isidingo somjikelezo omude wokusatshalaliswa nokwenza kube lula inqubo yokukhiqiza.

Ukulondolozwa Kwezinhlobo Ezingavamile Nezisengozini:

Izinhlobo eziningi ze-philodendron zisengozini ezindaweni zazo zokuhlala zemvelo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwendawo kanye nokuqoqwa ngokweqile. Usiko lwezicubu luhlinzeka ngesixazululo esisebenzayo sokulondoloza lezi zinhlobo ezingavamile nezisengozini. Ngokuqala amasiko kubantu abakhethiwe, abanempilo, isiko lezicubu lingakhiqiza inani elikhulu lezitshalo, ezingasetshenziselwa imizamo yokulondoloza, njengokubuyisela indawo yokuhlala noma ukusungula amaqoqo e-ex situ.

Amathuba Esikhathi esizayo

Nakuba isiko lezicubu selivele liguqule ukusakazwa kwe-philodendron, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe kuyaqhubeka nokwandisa amathuba esikhathi esizayo. Nazi izindawo ezimbalwa lapho isiko lezicubu likhombisa amandla angeziwe:

Ukuguqulwa Kofuzo:

Isiko lezicubu lingasiza ukuguqulwa kofuzo kwama-philodendron. Ngokwethula izakhi zofuzo zangaphandle esicutshini sesitshalo, ososayensi banganikeza izici ezithile, njengokukhula kokumelana nezifo noma ukuguqulwa kwamaphethini okukhula. Lobu buchwepheshe bunesithembiso esikhulu sokuthuthukisa ama-cultivar athuthukisiwe anezici ezifiselekayo.

Imitapo yolwazi yama-Clonal:

Ukusungulwa kwemitapo yolwazi yama-clonal, lapho inqwaba ye-philodendron genotypes igcinwa khona ngokusebenzisa isiko lezicubu, kungasebenza njengesisetshenziswa esiyigugu kubacwaningi nakubafuyi. Lemitapo yolwazi ihlinzeka ngenqolobane yezinto ezihlukene zofuzo, evumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo ezintsha kanye nokulondolozwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zofuzo.

Ukukhiqizwa Okuningi Kwezinhlobo Ezingavamile:

Izinhlobo ze-philodendron ezingavamile nezifunwayo, ezaziwa ngamaphethini awo ahlukile amaqabunga noma imibala, kungaba inselele ukuzithola ngenxa yokutholakala okulinganiselwe. Isiko lezicubu linikeza amandla okukhiqiza lezi zitshalo ezifiselekayo ngobuningi, okwenza zifinyeleleke kalula kubathandi bomhlaba wonke.

Isiphetho:

Isiko lezicubu liguqule umhlaba wama-philodendron, linikeza uhla lwezinzuzo izindlela zokusabalalisa zendabuko ezingenakufana nazo. Ngale ndlela ephawulekayo, izithembiso zokungaguquguquki, ukukhiqizwa okungenazifo, nokuphindaphinda ngokushesha ziye zaba ngokoqobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiko lezicubu liye lavula izindlela ezintsha zokulondoloza izinhlobo zezilwane ezingavamile nezisengozini, liqinisekisa ukuphila kwazo ezizukulwaneni ezizayo. Njengoba ucwaningo kulo mkhakha luqhubeka futhi nobuchwepheshe buthuthuka, amathuba esiko lezicubu emhlabeni wama-philodendron awanamkhawulo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumqoqi ozinikele, umlimi wezohwebo, noma umthandi wezitshalo, ukwamukela ama-philodendron amasiko ezicubu kuyisinyathelo esiya ekusaseni eliluhlaza nelizinzile.