ISayensi Yokusabalalisa: Okuqanjwe kabusha ku-Tissue Culture Philodendron Production

Isingeniso

Ngokuthandwa okwandayo kwezitshalo zasendlini eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwaba nokukhuphuka kwesidingo sezinhlobonhlobo eziyingqayizivele nezingavamile. Esinye sezitshalo ezinjalo esiye sakhanga abathanda izitshalo yiPhilodendron. Eyaziwa ngamahlamvu ayo aluhlaza nekhono lokuhlanza umoya, i-Philodendron isiphenduke ukudla okuyisisekelo ezindlini nasemahhovisi amaningi. Nokho, ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo salezi zitshalo ezikhangayo kungaba inselele. Yilapho ukusakazwa kwesiko lezicubu kungena khona.

Izisekelo Zokusakazwa Kwesiko Kwezicubu

Ukusakazwa kwesiko lezicubu, okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi yi-micropropagation, kuyindlela evumela ukuzala ngokushesha kwezitshalo ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo. Le nqubo ibandakanya ukuhlukaniswa kanye nesiko lamaseli ezitshalo, izicubu, noma izitho endaweni enomsoco. Ngokukhohlisa izici zokukhula kule ndlela, ososayensi bangakhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo eziningi ngesikhathi esifushane.

Ukusakazwa kwesiko lezicubu kuguqule imboni yezitshalo ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ivumela ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo eziningi ezinezici ezifiselekayo, iqeda ingozi yezinambuzane nezifo, futhi yenza ukulondolozwa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingavamile nezisengozini. Le nqubo isetshenziswe kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ama-Philodendron, ivula indlela yentuthuko entsha emkhakheni.

Ukuthuthukisa Ukusebenza Ngokusebenzisa Ihomoni

Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zokusakazwa kwesiko lezicubu ukuxhashazwa kwama-hormone okukhula. Ngokulawula ngokucophelela ukugxila kwama-auxin nama-cytokinin endaweni yezakhi, ososayensi bangashukumisa izigaba eziningi zokukhula kwezitshalo. Endabeni yama-Philodendrons, ukukhwabanisa kwe-hormone kufakazelwe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusakazwa kwesiko lezicubu.

Ama-Auxin, afana ne-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), abalulekile ekuqaliseni ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande. Ngokulungisa ngokucophelela ukugxila kwe-IBA endaweni yezakhi, abacwaningi bakwazile ukugqugquzela ukukhula kwezimpande eziqinile ezitshalweni zePhilodendron. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokukhuphula izinga lokuphumelela lokusatshalaliswa kwesiko lezicubu kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukusinda okungcono kokufakelwa kabusha.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-cytokinins anesibopho sokuvuselela ukuthuthukiswa kwamahlumela. Ngokwandisa ukugcwala kwama-cytokinins, ososayensi bathole imiphumela emangalisayo ekukhiqizeni ama-Philodendron ngamahlumela athuthuke kahle. Lokhu kunciphise kakhulu isikhathi esidingekayo sokukhula kwezitshalo, okuholele emazingeni aphezulu okukhiqiza kanye nokukhula kokutholakala emakethe.

Ukubhekana Nezinselele Zokungcoliswa

Ukungcola kuyinselele evamile ekusakazweni kwesiko lezicubu, njengoba kungakhinyabeza ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo. Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane kanye nesikhunta kubangela usongo olukhulu empumelelweni yenqubo. Kodwa-ke, izindlela ezintsha zenzelwe ukubhekana nalolu daba ekukhiqizeni i-Philodendron yezicubu.

Enye yezindlela ezinjalo ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubo zokuvala inzalo. Ngaphambi kokwethula isitshalo endaweni yezakhi, sibhekana nenqubo eqinile yokuvala inzalo. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuvala inzalo ebusweni ngezibulali magciwane, njenge-bleach noma utshwala, okulandelwa ukuchayeka endaweni eyinyumba. Lezi zimiso zifakazele ukuthi zisebenza ngempumelelo ekwehliseni amazinga okungcola kanye nokuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo ze-Philodendron ezinempilo.

Ukwengeza, intuthuko yenziwe ekuthuthukisweni kwama-antimicrobial agents. Lawa ma-ejenti, angezwe endaweni yezakhi zomzimba, asebenza njengendlela yokuzivikela ekungcoleni okungase kube khona. Ngokuhlanganisa ama-antibiotics noma ama-antifungal agents, abacwaningi baye balawula ngempumelelo ukungcola futhi bathuthukisa izinga lokuphumelela eliphelele lokusakazeka kwesiko lezicubu.

Ukusebenzisa ama-Bioreactors ekukhiqizeni kwe-Scale-Up

Nakuba ukusakazwa kwesiko lezicubu kuvumele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi bezitshalo ze-Philodendron, ukukhuphula inqubo kusengaba inselele. Izindlela zendabuko, ezifana nokusebenzisa izitsha ze-Petri noma amashubhu okuhlola, zinemikhawulo mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwevolumu. Ukuze unqobe lesi sihibe, ama-bioreactors avele njengesixazululo esishintsha umdlalo.

Ama-Bioreactors, aziwa nangokuthi ama-reactors amasiko wezicubu zezitshalo, aklanyelwe ukusiza ukukhula kwamangqamuzana ezitshalo noma izicubu ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo. Le mikhumbi eyisipesheli ihlinzeka ngokutholakala okuphelele kwezakhi, ukulawulwa kwe-pH, kanye nokungenisa umoya, okuvumela ukukhula okuphumelelayo nokufana kwezitshalo. Emkhiqizweni wezicubu ze-Philodendron, ama-bioreactors anikeze amandla ukulima okukhulu, okuholela ekwandeni kokutholakala nokufinyeleleka kwalezi zitshalo ezihehayo.

Ukulondoloza Izinhlobonhlobo Zofuzo

Enye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokusakazeka kwesiko lezicubu ukulondolozwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zofuzo ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezingavamile nezisengozini, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo ezithile ze-Philodendron ezisengcupheni yokushabalala. I-tissue culture ihlinzeka ngendlela yokulondoloza lezi zinhlobo zezilwane nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ziphila.

Ngokusebenzisa isiko lezicubu, amanani amancane ezitshalo angaphindaphindeka abe izinkulungwane, kugcinwe ukwakheka kofuzo kwesitshalo sokuqala. Lokhu akusizi nje kuphela ukongiwa kwezinhlobo ezisengozini yokushabalala kodwa futhi kuvumela ukulondolozwa kwezici ezifiselekayo ezinhlobonhlobo ezitshaliwe zama-Philodendron. Ngokulondoloza ukuhlukahluka kwezakhi zofuzo, ukusakazeka kwesiko lezicubu kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusimameni kwesikhathi eside kwalezi zitshalo ezikhangayo.

Isiphetho

Isayensi yokusabalalisa ibone intuthuko emangalisayo ngokuvela kwesiko lezicubu ekukhiqizeni iPhilodendron. Ngokuxhashazwa kwama-hormone, ukulawula ukungcoliswa, ukusetshenziswa kwama-bioreactors, nokulondolozwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zofuzo, abacwaningi baye bashintsha indlela esisakaza futhi sihlakulela ngayo lezi zitshalo ezikhangayo. Izindlela ezintsha zokusabalalisa isiko lezicubu azigcinanga ngokuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwama-Philodendron kodwa futhi zivule namathuba okuthola izinhlobo ezintsha ezinezici ezihlukile. Njengoba isidingo sama-Philodendron siqhubeka sikhula, ukusakazeka kwamasiko ezicubu kuhlala kuhamba phambili embonini yezitshalo, kuqhubekisela phambili ukuqamba okusha nokwandisa umhlaba walezi zitshalo ezinhle zasendlini.