Ziyini Izitshalo Ze-Tissue Culture?

Ziyini Izitshalo Ze-Tissue Culture?

Isingeniso:

Izitshalo ze-tissue culture ziye zanda kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva ngenxa yezinzuzo zazo eziningi kanye nokusetshenziswa okubanzi. Le nqubo emisha isiguqule indlela izitshalo ezisatshalaliswa ngayo futhi zilinywe ngayo, inikeze indlela esebenza kahle nethembekile yokukhiqiza izitshalo. Izitshalo ze-tissue culture ziyizibonelo ezikhuliswe elabhorethri ezikhuliswa ngokucophelela ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwazo okuphelele. Lesi sihloko sizodingida umhlaba ohehayo wezitshalo zamasiko ezicubu, sihlole izinzuzo zazo, izinqubo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.

Izinzuzo zezitshalo ze-Tissue Culture

Izitshalo zesiko lezicubu zihlinzeka ngezinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwezindlela ezivamile zokusakaza, okuzenza zifunwe kakhulu yibo bobabili abalimi abangochwepheshe kanye nabalimi basekhaya ngokufanayo. Enye inzuzo enkulu ikhono lokukhiqiza izitshalo eziningi ezifana nofuzo ngesikhathi esifushane. Le ndlela iqeda isidingo sembewu yendabuko noma ukusikwa, okungaba nomkhawulo noma wekhwalithi eguquguqukayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo ze-tissue culture ngokuvamile zibonisa amandla athuthukisiwe, ukwanda kokumelana nezifo, kanye nezici zokukhula ezithuthukisiwe, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ingadi ephumelelayo nekhiqizayo noma umsebenzi wokulima.

Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yezitshalo ze-tissue culture ikhono lokusabalalisa izinhlobo ezingavamile noma ezisengozini okunzima ukuyisakaza ngezindlela ezivamile. Isiko lezicubu livumela ukulondolozwa nokulondolozwa kwalezi zitshalo ezibalulekile, okunikeza ithemba lokuthi zizosinda kanye nokubuyiselwa okungenzeka endaweni yazo yemvelo. Lesi sici sibaluleke kakhulu ekulondolozweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuvikela izinhlobo zezitshalo ezisengozini yokushabalala.

Inqubo yesiko lamathishu yenza futhi ukuqedwa kwamagciwane nezifo ezithwalwa isitshalo esingumzali. Ngokuqala ngezicubu zezitshalo ezihlaselwe inzalo endaweni elawulwayo, izitshalo zokukhuliswa kwezicubu ziqinisekiswa ukuthi azinakungcoliswa. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokwethula izinambuzane noma izifo ezindaweni ezintsha futhi kuqinisekisa impilo kanye nokuphila kahle kwezitshalo ezitshalwayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo zesiko lezicubu zinenzuzo eyengeziwe yokukwazi ukukhula ezimweni ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nalezo ezingahambisani nezindlela zendabuko zokusabalalisa izitshalo. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvumela ukutshalwa ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibi noma umhlabathi ongenazo izakhamzimba, okuvula amathuba amasha okulima okusimeme kanye nezinhlelo zokutshala uhlaza ezindaweni ebeziyinyumba noma ezingalimeki.

Inqubo ye-Tissue Culture

Inqubo yezicubu iqala ngokukhethwa kwezicubu zesitshalo ezifunwayo, ngokuvamile ezihlanganisa izingcezu ezincane zehlumela, impande, noma umbungu. Izicubu zibe sezifakwa endaweni eyinyumba yezakhamzimba equkethe imisoco edingekayo, izilawuli zokukhula, namahomoni ukuze kugqugquzelwe ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwamangqamuzana ezitshalo. Ukukhetha okuphakathi nendawo kanye nokwakheka kwayo kuyahlukahluka kuye ngezidingo ezithile zezitshalo ezikhuliswayo.

Khona-ke isiko lifakwa egumbini lokukhula ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo, ezihlanganisa izinga lokushisa, umswakama, nokukhanya. Lezi zimo ziyalungiswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula kwezitshalo zezicubu zomzimba futhi zilingise indawo yemvelo edingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwazo okuqondile. Ukuqapha njalo nokugcinwa kwamasiko kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukukhula ngempumelelo kanye nokukhula kwezitshalo okunempilo.

Ngemuva kwenkathi yokukhula nokuthuthuka, izitshalo ze-tishu zijwayelaniswa ngokucophelela nezimo zemvelo ngaphandle kwelabhorethri. Le nqubo ihilela ukudalula izitshalo kancane kancane ekukhanyeni kwemvelo kanye namazinga omswakama ahlukahlukene ukuze zikwazi ukushintshela emhlabeni wangaphandle. Lapho izitshalo sezijwayele indawo yazo entsha, zingatshalwa kabusha ezimbizeni noma ngqo emhlabathini ukuze ziqhubeke zilinywe.

Izicelo of Tissue Culture Plants

Izitshalo zokukhuliswa kwezicubu zisebenza kakhulu emikhakheni eyahlukene, kusukela kwezolimo kanye nezolimo kuya kwezemithi kanye nocwaningo. Ku-horticulture, isiko lezicubu linikeza indlela ethembekile yokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo zokuhlobisa ngobuningi, okuhlanganisa izimbali, izitshalo zamahlamvu, ngisho nezitshalo ezithile. Ikhono lokukhiqiza izitshalo eziningi ezifanayo liqinisekisa ukutholakala okungaguquguquki nokufana kwezindawo zokuthengisa ezithengisayo kanye nabalimi basekhaya.

Ukwengeza, isiko lezicubu liye lashintsha ukusakazeka kwezihlahla zezithelo kanye nezitshalo ezibalulekile kwezomnotho. Nge-micropropagation, izitshalo ze-tissue culture ziye zavumela ukuphindaphindeka okuphumelelayo kakhulu nokusheshisa kwezinhlobo ezithela kakhulu nezimelana nezifo. Le ntuthuko ibe negalelo elikhulu embonini yokudla ngokuhlinzeka abalimi ngezinto zokutshala ezinempilo neziqinile.

Embonini yezemithi, izitshalo ezikhiqiza izicubu zidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwezitshalo zokwelapha ezahlukahlukene ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwezidakamizwa. Ikhono lokukhipha nokuphindaphinda ama-compounds asebenzayo ezicubu zezitshalo liye laholela ekwakhiweni kwemithi esindisa impilo yezifo ezihlukahlukene nezimo zezokwelapha. Isiko lezicubu alivumeli kuphela ukukhiqizwa okusimeme nokulawulwayo kwalezi zitshalo kodwa futhi kusiza ukuvikela abantu basendle ekuvuneni ngokweqile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo zesiko lezicubu zisetshenziswa kakhulu ocwaningweni lwesayensi ukutadisha ibhayoloji yezitshalo, izakhi zofuzo, kanye nokumelana namagciwane. Ukukhula okungaguquguquki nokulawulwayo kwezibonelo zesiko lezicubu kuvumela abacwaningi ukuthi baqonde kangcono ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo futhi bahlole izixazululo ezintsha zokwenza ngcono izitshalo kanye nobunjiniyela bofuzo.

Isiphetho

Izitshalo ze-tissue culture ziye zashintsha indlela izitshalo ezisakazwa futhi zilinywe ngayo, zinikeza izinzuzo eziningi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Kusukela ekhonweni lazo lokukhiqiza izitshalo eziningi ezifanayo ngokofuzo kuya ekulondolozweni nasekulondolozweni kwezinhlobo ezingavamile, isiko lezicubu liye lavula amathuba amasha ekutshalweni nasekucwaningeni kwezitshalo. Noma ngabe kungokwezinjongo ze-horticultural, ezolimo ezisimeme, noma intuthuko yezokwelapha, izitshalo zesiko lezicubu seziphenduke amathuluzi abalulekile ekuzuzeni umhlaba oluhlaza futhi okhiqiza kakhulu. Ukwamukela le nqubo emisha ngokungangabazeki kuzololonga ikusasa lesayensi yezitshalo futhi kube nengxenye esimeni semvelo esimeme nesinempilo.