Kuyini Ukuqina Kwesiko Lezicubu Zezitshalo?

Isingeniso:

Isiko lezicubu zezitshalo kuyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu kwisayensi yezitshalo, evumela abacwaningi ukuthi bafunde futhi basebenzise amaseli ezitshalo nezicubu ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo. Isici esisodwa esibalulekile senkambiso yezicubu inqubo yokuqina, ebandakanya ukuvezwa kwezitshalo ezikhulisiwe ukuze zijwayele kancane kancane endaweni yangaphandle. Lesi sihloko sizocubungula umqondo wokuqina kwesiko lezicubu zezitshalo, inhloso yalo, amasu, kanye nezinzuzo ezinikeza izitshalo. Ngakho-ke, ake singene sijule kulesi sihloko esithakazelisayo.

Kuyini Ukuqina Kwesiko Lezicubu Zezitshalo?

Inqubo yokuqina isho ukujwayela kancane kancane kwezitshalo ezifuywa ngethishu ezimweni zemvelo ngaphandle kwendawo yaselabhorethri elawulwayo. Ihlose ukuqinisa izitshalo nokuzilungiselela ubunzima ezizobhekana nazo uma sezitshaliwe ensimini noma ku-greenhouse. Ngesikhathi sosiko lwezicubu, izitshalo zitshalwa ngaphansi kwezimo zaselabhorethri eziyinyumba, ezingenawo amazinga okushisa aguquguqukayo, umswakama, ukukhanya, nokunye ukucindezeleka kwemvelo ezingabhekana nazo ngokwemvelo.

Inhloso Yokuqinisa:

Ukuqinisa izitshalo emva kwesiko lezicubu kubalulekile ukuze ziphile futhi zimiswe ngempumelelo endaweni eziqondiswe kuyo. Izitshalo ezikhulisiwe, ezijwayele indawo elawulwa kakhulu, azinazo izimfanelo ezidingekayo ukuze ziphile ngaphandle. Ukwenza lukhuni kusiza ukuthuthukisa lezi zimfanelo ngokukhuthaza izinguquko ezicini ezihlukahlukene zomzimba nezemvelo zezitshalo.

Inqubo Yokuqinisa:

Inqubo yokuqina ihilela ukudalula ngokucophelela izitshalo zezitshalo ezifuywe ngezicubu emazingeni akhulayo okucindezeleka kwemvelo ngesikhathi esilawulwayo. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuba zivumelane kancane kancane futhi zithuthukise ukumelana nezimo zangaphandle. Ngokuvamile, izitshalo zingaphansi kwezici ezihlukahlukene zengcindezi njengokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukwanda kokukhanya kokukhanya, ukuncipha komswakama ohlobene, ukunyakaza komoya okwandisiwe, nokuchayeka kumagesi asendaweni, okuhlanganisa i-carbon dioxide ne-ethylene.

Esigabeni sokuqala sokuqiniswa, ama-plantlets avame ukudluliselwa emikhunjini yokukhiqiza izicubu iye emabhodweni amancane noma amathreyi aqukethe indawo yokukhula efanele. Lokhu kuvumela izimpande ukuthi zikhule futhi zihlole i-substrate entsha, ithuthukise ikhono lazo lokumunca amanzi nezakhamzimba. Kuyo yonke inqubo yokuqina, izitshalo zigadwa ngokucophelela ukuze zibone izimpawu zokucindezeleka futhi zinikezwe ukunakekelwa okufanele, okuhlanganisa ukuchelela kanye nokwengezwa kwezakhi.

Izinto Ezinomthelela Ukuqina Okuphumelelayo:

Kunezici ezimbalwa ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni impumelelo yenqubo yokuqina. Lezi zici zihlanganisa:

1. Izinga lokushisa: Izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sokuqina kufanele linyuswe kancane kancane ukuze lilingise izimo zemvelo izitshalo ezingahlangabezana nazo ngaphandle. Kubalulekile ukulinganisa ukugwema ukushaqisa ama-plantlets, okungaholela ekubuneni noma ngisho nokufa.

2. Ukuqina Kokukhanya: Ukuchayeka okwanele kokukhanya kubalulekile ku-photosynthesis kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo eziqinile, ezinempilo. Ukukhanya okwandayo kancane kancane ngesikhathi sokuqina kuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zingakwazi ukujwayela izimo ezikhanyayo futhi zikhiqize amandla anele.

3. Umswakama Ohlobene: Umswakama ohlobene kufanele wehliswe kancane kancane ukuze ulungiselele ama-plantlets amazinga okuswakama aphansi azobhekana nawo ngaphandle kwendawo yesiko lezicubu. Ngokwehlisa amazinga omswakamo ngendlela elawulwayo, izitshalo zingakha i-cuticle, evimbela ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi amaningi kanye nezinsiza ekusindeni kwazo ngaphandle.

4. Ukunyakaza komoya: Ukwandisa ukunyakaza komoya ngesikhathi sokuqina kusiza ukuqinisa iziqu zezitshalo futhi kunganciphisa amathuba okutheleleka kwefungal kanye namagciwane. Kodwa-ke, ukunyakaza komoya ngokweqile nakho kungaholela ekuphelelweni kwamanzi emzimbeni, ngakho-ke kufanele kulawulwe ngokucophelela.

5. Ukuhlinzekwa Kwezakhi Zomsoco: Ukutholakala kwezakhi ezanele kuyadingeka ukuze kuthuthuke kahle izithombo. Ngesikhathi sokuqina, izitshalo kufanele zithole ama-macro kanye nama-micronutrients adingekayo ukuze zisekele ukukhula kwazo futhi zigweme ukuntula.

Izinzuzo Zenqubo Yokwenza Ukuqina:

Inqubo yokuqina ihlinzeka ngezinzuzo eziningi ezifaka isandla ekusungulweni ngempumelelo nasekukhuleni kwezitshalo ezikhuliswa ngezicubu endaweni ezihlosiwe. Ezinye zalezi zinzuzo zihlanganisa:

1. Ukuvumelana Nezimo Zemvelo: Ngokufaka izitshalo emazingeni okucindezeleka akhuphuka kancane kancane, inqubo yokuqina izisiza ukuba zivumelane nezimo ezithile ezizohlangabezana nazo ngaphandle kwelabhorethri. Lokhu kuvumelana kukhulisa kakhulu izinga lokusinda kwezitshalo ezitshalwe kabusha.

2. Ithuthukisa Ukumelana Nokucindezeleka Kwezemvelo: Ukuqina kuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinguquko zomzimba kanye ne-biochemical ezithuthukisa ukumelana kwesitshalo ekucindezelekeni okuhlukahlukene kwemvelo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubekezelela okuthuthukisiwe ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa, isomiso, nezifo, phakathi kokunye.

3. Ikhuthaza Ukuthuthuka Kwezimpande Okuqinile: Ukudluliswa kwezitshalo ezikhuliswe ngezicubu endaweni yokukhula ngesikhathi sokuqina kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yezimpande ezizinze kahle. Lokhu kuthuthukisa amandla ezitshalo okumunca amanzi nemisoco emhlabathini, okubalulekile ukuze ziphile futhi zikhule endaweni ezihlosiwe.

4. Ithuthukisa Ukusebenza Kwe-Photosynthetic: Ukwandisa kancane kancane ukukhanya phakathi nenqubo yokuqina kusiza izitshalo ukuthi zithuthukise futhi zithuthukise amandla azo e-photosynthetic. Lokhu, futhi, kuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla, kusekela ukukhula, futhi kwandisa amathuba okuphumelela kokufakelwa.

5. Yehlisa Ukushaqeka Kokufakelwa kabusha: Inqubo yokuqina ilungiselela izitshalo ezikhuliswe izicubu ukuze ziguquke zisuka endaweni eyinyumba, evikelekile yaselabhorethri ziye emhlabeni wangempela. Ngokubeka izitshalo kancane kancane ekucindezelekeni kwemvelo, ukuqina kunciphisa ukushaqeka okungase kube khona izitshalo ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha, okuholela ezingeni eliphezulu lokusinda.

Isiphetho:

Ukwenza ukuqina kuyinqubo ebalulekile esikweni lezicubu zezitshalo okuhloswe ngalo ukulungisa izitshalo ezikhulisiwe ukuze ziphile futhi zikhule ngempumelelo endaweni eziqondiswe kuyo. Ngokubeka kancane kancane ama-plantlets ekucindezelekeni kwemvelo, ukuqina kuthuthukisa ikhono lazo lokumelana nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, amandla okukhanya, umswakama, nezinye izici. Le nqubo ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zezimpande eziqinile, izinguquko zomzimba, nokwanda kokumelana nengcindezi, ekugcineni kubangele amazinga aphezulu empumelelo yokufakelwa. Ukufaka amasu okuqinisa kuzinqubo zesiko lezicubu kubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni ngempumelelo kwesiko lezicubu zezitshalo emikhakheni eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuzalaniswa kwezitshalo, ukusakazeka kanye nocwaningo.